Stavropol part. An ancient-geographical region regarding the Russian Federation found in the central area of Subcaucasia, within Kuban River (and Kuban area) towards the western, new Terek region on the southern area of, the latest Don region with the north, the newest Kalmyk Autonomous Republic towards northeast, plus the countries of your own Caucasian slope individuals to the south and you may southwest. The fresh Stavropol area generally matches inside the region into former Stavropol gubernia (with its 18611920 border, 59,500 sq km) plus the after Stavropol krai, smaller the brand new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,five-hundred sq . km).
Actual geography. The major portion of the Stavropol region is occupied by Stavropol Upland; the fresh new lesser portion provides parts of the fresh new Caspian Lowland on the east, the new Kuma-Manych Anxiety regarding northern, in addition to hills of your own Caucasus Slopes in the southwestern. Brand new weather of the Stavropol region is transitional, away from moderate continental throughout the western so you can dryer and much more continental throughout the eastern. The bigger of these range from the Yegorlyk (and therefore streams to the Manych), brand new Kalaus, new Kuma, in addition to Kuban and its particular top tributaries, the fresh Velykyi Zelenchuk together with Malyi Zelenchuk (see Zelenchuk canals). River water is employed to have irrigation. Quick, mainly saline lakes abound; the biggest is the narrow but 160-km-long Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
But the centrally located Stavropol part stayed sparsely inhabited by nomadic Nogay Tatars (a good Turkic-speaking people) and you can Kalmyk people (a great Mongol-speaking category), just who to each other designated on the 80,000
The fresh soils on the western and you can central area of the Stavropol part is actually various chernozems and you can chestnut earth; towards eastern and you may northeast it getting light chestnut. This new sheer plant life and alter eastward which have decreasing dampness, off meadow fescuefeather lawn steppe so you can dead fescuefeather turf steppe and then semidesert vegetation from wormwood, inactive fescue, and you will feather turf. Regarding the far more moist the main Stavropol Upland and in the fresh new Caucasus foothills the new sheer flowers are forest-steppe with oak-hornbeam-beech forests. Now the steppe and tree-steppe are practically totally cleared for agriculture.
Records. Regarding the mid-16th century new Caucasus as well as the Stavropol region started to already been for the experience of Muscovite colonization. In the 16th and you will seventeenth many years Subcaucasia educated new roots away from Cossack colonization (new Don feeld dating Cossacks about western and Terek Cossacks into the new eastern). Caucasian slope individuals, the newest Karachai and Cherkess, lived in the fresh hills of your region.
At the beginning of the fresh eighteenth century the Stavropol area nominally turned the main Russian Empire. Permanent settlements, yet not, just weren’t centered up until the last quarter of your century, when, in the 177780, the Russian authorities based a line of forts, the new Mozdok-Azov range, having headquarters at the Stavropol, in order to secure the Caucasian mountain individuals. From the 1785 the newest Stavropol area molded section of Caucasus oblast, that was redesignated a good gubernia from inside the 1802. Pursuing the multiple label transform it had been designated because the Stavropol gubernia when you look at the 1847. The boundaries was indeed ultimately fixed inside the 1861, if it try separated regarding Terek oblast. Compared with Kuban oblast and Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (as the 1898) wasn’t section of Caucasus krai.
Before 1930s the fresh Stavropol area is actually paid of the each other Ukrainians and you may Russians, and you may constituted a part of contiguous, albeit mixed, Ukrainian ethnographic territory
The brand new Russian regulators promoted new rapid colonization of your own Stavropol part to establish a base getting army campaigns in the Caucasus. Element of one to aim is actually accomplished by the granting of choice tracts out-of belongings to help you Russian noblemen, whom paid them with their serfs. An even more high cause for colonization, yet not, is brand new impulsive settlement by the state peasants have been unimpeded by the new central bodies. Actually the purple bodies legalized extant states into ukase regarding 1804 and you will given help to those who’d settled in the newest Stavropol part. Towards the end of one’s 1850s the people from Stavropol gubernia had increased to 340,000 (5.5 people for every sq . kilometer). Their only city, Stavropol, became from around step 3,000 residents within the 1800 in order to 17,600 owners inside 1853. By far the most heavily settled components was indeed the latest steppes between your Yegorlyk and the Kalaus rivers and also the Kalaus River area. The populace out-of Stavropol gubernia (along with Terek oblast) inside 1853 contained forty eight.7 percent Cossacks, thirty-two percent county peasants, 16.2 % nomadic herders, and you may step 3.one percent serfs although some.
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